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Reference in APA 7

This guide provides formatting and presentation standards in APA 7 for ACAP students.

Reference Elements: Diagnostic Manuals

Group Author. (Copyright year). Title of manual in italics: Subtitle (# ed.). Publisher Name. https://doi.org/xxxx

Always use a DOI if available (for both print and online resources).

Only use a URL instead of a DOI if the book is not from an academic database.

When author and publisher are the same, omit the publisher from the reference.

DSM

American Psychiatric Association. (1980). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (3rd ed.).

American Psychiatric Association. (1987). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (3rd ed., rev.).

American Psychiatric Association. (1994). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (4th ed.).

American Psychiatric Association. (2000). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (4th ed., text rev.).

American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed.). https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.books.9780890425596

American Psychiatric Association. (2022). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed., text rev.). https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.books.9780890425787

ICD

World Health Organization. (2016). International statistical classification of diseases and related health problems (10th ed.). https://icd.who.int/browse10/2016/en

World Health Organization. (2019). International statistical classification of diseases and related health problems (11th ed.). https://icd.who.int/

Parenthetical Style

First citation: The disorder is characterised by "distinct period of abnormally and persistently elevated, expansive, or irritable mood" (American Psychiatric Association [APA], 2013, "Hypomanic Episode" section). 

Subsequent citations:  Moods may be marked by irritability and an abnormal increase in energy (APA, 2013). 

Narrative Style

First citation: The American Psychiatric Association (APA, 2013) describes the disorder as being characterised by "distinct period of abnormally and persistently elevated, expansive, or irritable mood" ("Hypomanic Episode" section). 

Subsequent citations: The APA (2013) indicates that moods may be marked by irritability and an abnormal increase in energy.

Reference Element: Entries in Diagnostic Manuals

Group Author. (Copyright year). Title of entry. In A. A. Editor & B. B. Editor (Eds.), Title of manual in italics: Subtitle (# ed., pp. #-#). Publisher Name. https://doi.org/xxxx

Note that editors' initials precede their surnames along with the word 'In".

If the manual does not have individual editors or page numbers, leave them out of the reference.

When author and publisher are the same, omit the publisher from the reference.

When citing multiple sections from the same manual, add a lower case letter to the date field both in-text and in the reference list, in order to distinguish between entries. 

Examples

DSM

American Psychiatric Association. (2022a). Anxiety disorders. In Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed., text rev.). https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.books.9780890425787

American Psychiatric Association. (2022b). Neurodevelopmental disorders. In Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed., text rev.). https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.books.9780890425787

ICD

World Health Organization. (2019). 2A85.5 Mantle cell lymphoma. In International statistical classification of diseases and related health problems (11th ed.). https://icd.who.int/browse11/l-m/en#/http://id.who.int/icd/entity/1804127841